Sun. Feb 8th, 2026

Current Affairs

Intel grid linked to NPR with details of 119 crore residents

Context: The National Intelligence Grid (NATGRID), a secure platform for the police and other investigating agencies to access government and private databases in real-time, has been linked to the National Population Register (NPR), which has the family-wise details of 119 crore residents in India, government officials have said.

The Union Home Ministry has been pushing for the enhanced use of NATGRID by the State police forces and Central law and security agencies for intelligence gathering and speedy investigation of criminal cases through indigenous and secure platforms.

An Organised Crime Network Database was being developed on NATGRID‟s IT platform to facilitate secure data-sharing between the National Investigation Agency (NIA) and the State AntiTerror Squads (ATS), upgraded NATGRID tools, particularly “Gandiva”, are supporting multi-source data collection and analysis.

NATGRID is, on an average, getting nearly 45,000 requests a month. The platform, accessible only to security agencies, became operational last year after being conceptualised in 2009 in the aftermath of the 26/11 Mumbai terror attacks.

The data for NPR, which stores information family wise, were first collected in 2010 with the first phase of the 2011 Census and was last updated in 2015 through doorto-door enumeration. It was to be updated further during the 2021 Census, which has been delayed by the COVID-19 pandemic.

When the Union Cabinet approved the proposal for conducting Census 2027 at a cost of ₹11,718 crore, there was no separate allocation for the NPR. Earlier on July 29, the government informed the Lok Sabha that no decision had been taken to update the NPR during the forthcoming Census exercise.

The NPR is the first step for the creation of a countrywide National Register of Citizens (NRC). “Gandiva”, the details of all family members of a suspect or a person of interest if available in NPR could be accessed through the platform. Gandiva can be used for facial recognition and entity resolution. “If the image of a suspect is available, it can be fed into Gandiva. If any photo identity document such as telecom KYC or vehicle registration or driving licence matches with the photo, Gandiva can provide the details, thereby saving time and resources of an investigator,”.

Source: TH

ಬೇಡ್ತಿ–ವರದಾ ನದಿ ಜೋಡಣೆಗೆ ಡಿಪಿಆರ್: ರಾಜ್ಯ ಒಪ್ಪಿಗೆ

ಕರ್ನಾಟಕದಲ್ಲಿ ಪರಿಸರಾಸಕ್ತರ ವ್ಯಾಪಕ ವಿರೋಧದ ನಡುವೆಯೂ ಬೇಡ್ತಿ–ವರದಾ ನದಿಗಳ ಜೋಡಣೆಗೆ ವಿಸ್ತೃತ ಯೋಜನಾ ವರದಿ (ಡಿಪಿಆರ್‌) ತಯಾರಿಸಲು ರಾಜ್ಯ ಸರ್ಕಾರ ಒಪ್ಪಿಗೆ ಸೂಚಿಸಿದೆ.

ಈ ಯೋಜನೆಗೆ ₹10 ಸಾವಿರ ಕೋಟಿ ವೆಚ್ಚ ಆಗಲಿದ್ದು, ಕೇಂದ್ರ ಸರ್ಕಾರ ₹9 ಸಾವಿರ ಕೋಟಿ ಭರಿಸಲಿದೆ.

ಈ ಯೋಜನೆಯು ಪಶ್ಚಿಮಕ್ಕೆ ಹರಿಯುವ ನದಿಗಳಿಂದ ರಾಜ್ಯದ ಪೂರ್ವ ಭಾಗದ ಬರ ಪೀಡಿತ ಭಾಗಗಳಿಗೆ ನೀರನ್ನು ಹರಿಸಲು ಸಹಾಯ ಮಾಡುತ್ತದೆ.

‘ಗೋದಾವರಿ–ಕಾವೇರಿ ನದಿಗಳ ಜೋಡಣೆ ಯೋಜನೆಯ ಮೊದಲ ಹಂತದಲ್ಲಿ 148 ಟಿಎಂಸಿ ಅಡಿ ನೀರನ್ನು ತಿರುಗಿಸಲು ಪ್ರಸ್ತಾಪಿಸಲಾಗಿದೆ. ಇದರಲ್ಲಿ ಕರ್ನಾಟಕಕ್ಕೆ ಕೇವಲ 15.90 ಟಿಎಂಸಿ ಅಡಿ ಹಂಚಿಕೆ ಮಾಡಲಾಗಿದೆ. ಇದಕ್ಕೆ ವ್ಯತಿರಿಕ್ತವಾಗಿ, ಇತರ ಫಲಾನುಭವಿ ರಾಜ್ಯಗಳಿಗೆ ನೀರಾವರಿ ಸೇರಿದಂತೆ ವಿವಿಧ ಉದ್ದೇಶಗಳಿಗೆ ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನ ಪ್ರಮಾಣದಲ್ಲಿ ಹಂಚಿಕೆ ಮಾಡಲಾಗಿದೆ. ಬೇಡ್ತಿ-ವರದಾ ನದಿ ಜೋಡಣೆ ಬಳಿಕವೂ ರಾಜ್ಯಕ್ಕೆ ಸಿಗುವುದು ಕೇವಲ 34.40 ಟಿಎಂಸಿ ಅಡಿಗೆ ಮಾತ್ರ. ನದಿ ಜೋಡಣೆ ಯೋಜನೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ನಮ್ಮ ರಾಜ್ಯಕ್ಕೆ ಕನಿಷ್ಠ 40-45 ಟಿಎಂಸಿ ಅಡಿ ನೀರನ್ನು ನೀಡಬೇಕು. ಗೋದಾವರಿ- ಕಾವೇರಿ ನದಿ ಜೋಡಣೆ ಯೋಜನೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಹೆಚ್ಚುವರಿ 5 ಟಿಎಂಸಿ ಅಡಿ ನೀರನ್ನು ಭೀಮಾ ನದಿ ಪ್ರದೇಶಕ್ಕೆ ನೀಡಬೇಕು ಎಂದು ಕೇಂದ್ರ ಸರ್ಕಾರಕ್ಕೆ ಮನವಿ ಸಲ್ಲಿಸಲಾಗಿದೆ.

# **ಬೇಡ್ತಿ–ವರದಾ ನದಿ ಜೋಡಣೆ ಯೋಜನೆ**### ಪರಿಚಯ

ಕರ್ನಾಟಕ ರಾಜ್ಯವು ಜಲ ಸಂಪನ್ಮೂಲಗಳ ವಿತರಣೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ತೀವ್ರ ಪ್ರಾದೇಶಿಕ ಅಸಮಾನತೆಯನ್ನು ಅನುಭವಿಸುತ್ತಿರುವ ರಾಜ್ಯವಾಗಿದೆ. ಪಶ್ಚಿಮ ಘಟ್ಟ ಪ್ರದೇಶದಲ್ಲಿ ವರ್ಷಕ್ಕೆ **3,000 ರಿಂದ 5,000 ಮಿ.ಮೀ.ವರೆಗೆ ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನ ಮಳೆಯಾಗುತ್ತಿದರೂ**, ರಾಜ್ಯದ ಮಧ್ಯ ಮತ್ತು ಉತ್ತರ ಭಾಗಗಳು ಕೇವಲ **600–700 ಮಿ.ಮೀ. ಮಳೆಯನ್ನೇ** ಅವಲಂಬಿಸಿವೆ. ಈ ಅಸಮಾನತೆಯೇ ನಿರಂತರ ಬರ, ಕೃಷಿ ಅಸ್ಥಿರತೆ ಮತ್ತು ಭೂಗರ್ಭ ಜಲದ ಅತಿಯಾದ ಬಳಕೆಗೆ ಕಾರಣವಾಗಿದೆ.ಈ ಹಿನ್ನೆಲೆಗಳಲ್ಲಿ, ಪಶ್ಚಿಮ ದಿಕ್ಕಿನಲ್ಲಿ ಅರಬ್ಬೀ ಸಮುದ್ರಕ್ಕೆ ಹರಿಯುವ **ಬೇಡ್ತಿ (ಗಂಗಾವಳಿ) ನದಿಯ** ಮಳೆಗಾಲದ ಹೆಚ್ಚುವರಿ ನೀರನ್ನು, ಪೂರ್ವ ದಿಕ್ಕಿನಲ್ಲಿ ಹರಿಯುವ **ವರದಾ ನದಿಗೆ** ವರ್ಗಾಯಿಸುವ ಉದ್ದೇಶದ **ಬೇಡ್ತಿ–ವರದಾ ನದಿ ಜೋಡಣೆ ಯೋಜನೆ** ಪ್ರಸ್ತಾಪಿಸಲಾಗಿದೆ.

## ಯೋಜನೆಯ ಹಿನ್ನೆಲೆ ಮತ್ತು ಅಗತ್ಯತೆ

ಕರ್ನಾಟಕದಲ್ಲಿ ಲಭ್ಯವಿರುವ ಒಟ್ಟು ಮೇಲ್ಮೈ ನೀರಿನ ಸುಮಾರು **60% ಪಶ್ಚಿಮಕ್ಕೆ ಹರಿದು ಸಮುದ್ರ ಸೇರುತ್ತದೆ**, ಆದರೆ ರಾಜ್ಯದ **70%ಕ್ಕೂ ಹೆಚ್ಚು ಜನಸಂಖ್ಯೆ ಮತ್ತು ಕೃಷಿ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆಗಳು ಪೂರ್ವ ದಿಕ್ಕಿನ ನದಿ ಕಣಿವೆಗಳಲ್ಲಿ** συγκ್ರಹಗೊಂಡಿವೆ.ಮಧ್ಯ ಮತ್ತು ಉತ್ತರ ಕರ್ನಾಟಕದಲ್ಲಿ ಕೃಷಿಯ **65% ಕ್ಕಿಂತ ಹೆಚ್ಚು ಭಾಗ ಮಳೆಯ ಮೇಲೆ ಅವಲಂಬಿತವಾಗಿದೆ**. ಹವಾಮಾನ ಬದಲಾವಣೆಯಿಂದಾಗಿ ಮಳೆಯ ಅಸಮತೋಲನ, ಕಡಿಮೆ ದಿನಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನ ಮಳೆ ಮತ್ತು ದೀರ್ಘ ಒಣಕಾಲಗಳು ಹೆಚ್ಚಾಗುತ್ತಿವೆ. ಇದರಿಂದ ಒಳನಾಡು ಪ್ರದೇಶಗಳ ಜಲ ಸಂಕಷ್ಟ ಮತ್ತಷ್ಟು ಗಂಭೀರವಾಗಿದೆ.ಈ ಪರಿಸ್ಥಿತಿಯಲ್ಲಿ, ಪಶ್ಚಿಮ ಘಟ್ಟದಲ್ಲಿ ಮಳೆಗಾಲದಲ್ಲಿ ಸಮುದ್ರಕ್ಕೆ ಹರಿದುಹೋಗುವ ಹೆಚ್ಚುವರಿ ನೀರನ್ನು ಒಳನಾಡಿಗೆ ವರ್ಗಾಯಿಸುವುದು ಸರ್ಕಾರದ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ತಂತ್ರವಾಗಿದೆ.

## ಭಾಗವಹಿಸುವ ನದಿಗಳ ವಿವರ###

🔹 ಬೇಡ್ತಿ ನದಿ (ಗಂಗಾವಳಿ)* ಉಗಮ: ಪಶ್ಚಿಮ ಘಟ್ಟ, ಉತ್ತರ ಕನ್ನಡ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆ* ಹರಿವು: ಪಶ್ಚಿಮ ದಿಕ್ಕಿನಲ್ಲಿ* ಅಂತ್ಯ: ಅರಬ್ಬೀ ಸಮುದ್ರ (ಅಂಕೋಲಾ ಸಮೀಪ)* ವಿಶೇಷತೆ: **ಮಾಗೋಡ್ ಜಲಪಾತ** – ಕರ್ನಾಟಕದ ಎರಡನೇ ಅತಿ ಎತ್ತರದ ಜಲಪಾತ* ಲಕ್ಷಣ: ಕಡಿಮೆ ಉದ್ದದ ನದಿಯಾದರೂ, ತೀವ್ರ ಇಳಿಜಾರಿನ ಕಾರಣ ಮಳೆಗಾಲದಲ್ಲಿ ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನ ವೇಗ ಮತ್ತು ನೀರಿನ ಹರಿವು

### 🔹 ವರದಾ ನದಿ* ಉಗಮ: ಪಶ್ಚಿಮ ಘಟ್ಟ, ಶಿವಮೊಗ್ಗ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆ* ಹರಿವು: ಪೂರ್ವ ದಿಕ್ಕಿನಲ್ಲಿ* ಸೇರ್ಪಡೆ: ಹಾವೇರಿ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆಯಲ್ಲಿ **ತುಂಗಭದ್ರಾ ನದಿಗೆ*** ನದಿ ವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆ: ಕೃಷ್ಣಾ ನದಿ ಕಣಿವೆ* ಮಹತ್ವ: ತುಂಗಭದ್ರಾ–ಕೃಷ್ಣಾ ನೀರಾವರಿ ವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆಗೆ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಉಪನದಿ##

ಯೋಜನೆಯ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಉದ್ದೇಶಗಳು*

ಮಧ್ಯ ಮತ್ತು ಉತ್ತರ ಕರ್ನಾಟಕದ ಬರಪೀಡಿತ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆಗಳಿಗೆ **ನೀರಾವರಿ ಸೌಲಭ್ಯ ವಿಸ್ತರಣೆ*** ಮಳೆಯ ಮೇಲಿನ ಅತಿಯಾದ ಅವಲಂಬನೆ ಕಡಿಮೆ ಮಾಡುವುದು* ಕೃಷಿ ಉತ್ಪಾದನೆ ಮತ್ತು ರೈತರ ಆದಾಯದಲ್ಲಿ ಸ್ಥಿರತೆ ಸಾಧಿಸುವುದು* ಭೂಗರ್ಭ ಜಲದ ದುರ್ಬಳಕೆಯನ್ನು ತಡೆಯುವುದು* ಪ್ರಾದೇಶಿಕ ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಸಮತೋಲನ ಸಾಧಿಸುವುದು

## ತಾಂತ್ರಿಕ ಅಂಶಗಳು* ಬೇಡ್ತಿ ನದಿಯಿಂದ ಸುಮಾರು **18–19 TMC (242 MCM)** ನೀರನ್ನು ವರ್ಗಾಯಿಸುವ ಪ್ರಸ್ತಾವ* ಪಶ್ಚಿಮ ಘಟ್ಟವನ್ನು ದಾಟಲು **ಸುರಂಗಗಳು ಮತ್ತು ಎತ್ತುವ ನೀರಾವರಿ ವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆಗಳು*** ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನ ವಿದ್ಯುತ್ ಬಳಕೆ ಮತ್ತು ಸುಧಾರಿತ ತಾಂತ್ರಿಕ ಮೂಲಸೌಕರ್ಯದ ಅಗತ್ಯ

## ಆಡಳಿತಾತ್ಮಕ ಮತ್ತು ನೀತಿಗತ ಪ್ರಗತಿ*

ಕರ್ನಾಟಕ ಸರ್ಕಾರವು ಯೋಜನೆಯ **ವಿಸ್ತೃತ ಯೋಜನಾ ವರದಿ (DPR) ತಯಾರಿಕೆಗೆ ಅನುಮೋದನೆ ನೀಡಿದೆ***

ಯೋಜನೆಯ ಅಂದಾಜು ವೆಚ್ಚ: **ಸುಮಾರು ₹10,000 ಕೋಟಿ (ಹಂತವಾರು ಹೆಚ್ಚಳ ಸಾಧ್ಯತೆ)*** ಹಣಕಾಸು ಮಾದರಿ: **90% ಕೇಂದ್ರ ಸರ್ಕಾರ ಮತ್ತು 10% ರಾಜ್ಯ ಸರ್ಕಾರ*** ಯೋಜನೆ **ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ಜಲ ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿ ಪ್ರಾಧಿಕಾರದ (NWDA)** ಮಾರ್ಗಸೂಚಿಗಳ ಪ್ರಕಾರ ರೂಪುಗೊಳ್ಳುತ್ತಿದೆ##

ನಿರೀಕ್ಷಿತ ಲಾಭಗಳು*

ಹಾವೇರಿ, ಗದಗ, ಕೊಪ್ಪಳ ಸೇರಿದಂತೆ ಒಳನಾಡು ಜಿಲ್ಲೆಗಳಲ್ಲಿ **ನೀರಾವರಿ ವ್ಯಾಪ್ತಿ ವಿಸ್ತರಣೆ*** ಕೃಷಿ ಉತ್ಪಾದನೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಸ್ಥಿರತೆ ಮತ್ತು ಬೆಳೆ ನಷ್ಟದ ಕಡಿತ* ರೈತರ ಆದಾಯ ಮತ್ತು ಗ್ರಾಮೀಣ ಜೀವನಮಟ್ಟದಲ್ಲಿ ಸುಧಾರಣೆ* ಹಂಗಾಮಿ ವಲಸೆ ಮತ್ತು ಬರ ಆಧಾರಿತ ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಒತ್ತಡ ಕಡಿಮೆಯಾಗುವ ಸಾಧ್ಯತೆ

## ಪರಿಸರ ಮತ್ತು ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಚಿಂತೆಗಳು* ಯೋಜನೆ **ಯುನೆಸ್ಕೋ ಮಾನ್ಯತೆ ಪಡೆದ ಪಶ್ಚಿಮ ಘಟ್ಟದ ಪರಿಸರ ಸಂವೇದನಾಶೀಲ ಪ್ರದೇಶದಲ್ಲಿ** ಅನುಷ್ಠಾನಗೊಳ್ಳುತ್ತಿರುವುದರಿಂದ ಪರಿಸರ ಚಿಂತೆಗಳು ಗಂಭೀರವಾಗಿವೆ* ಅರಣ್ಯ ನಾಶ, ಜೀವ ವೈವಿಧ್ಯಕ್ಕೆ ಅಪಾಯ ಮತ್ತು ವನ್ಯಜೀವಿ ವಾಸಸ್ಥಳಗಳ ಮೇಲೆ ಪರಿಣಾಮ* ಕರಾವಳಿ ಪ್ರದೇಶಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ನದಿ ಹರಿವಿನ ಕಡಿತದಿಂದ: * ಎಸ್ಟ್ಯುರಿ ಪರಿಸರ ವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆ * ಮೀನುಗಾರಿಕೆ * ಭೂಗರ್ಭ ಜಲ ಮರುಪೂರಣೆ ಮೇಲೆ ಪರಿಣಾಮ ಬೀಳುವ ಸಾಧ್ಯತೆ* ಸ್ಥಳೀಯ ಸಮುದಾಯಗಳು ಮತ್ತು ಪರಿಸರ ತಜ್ಞರಿಂದ ವಿರೋಧ ವ್ಯಕ್ತವಾಗಿದೆ

## ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಸವಾಲುಗಳು*

ಪರಿಸರ, ಅರಣ್ಯ ಮತ್ತು ವನ್ಯಜೀವಿ ಅನುಮತಿಗಳ ಪಡೆಯುವಿಕೆ* ತಾಂತ್ರಿಕ ಜಟಿಲತೆಗಳು ಮತ್ತು ವೆಚ್ಚದ ಏರಿಕೆ* ನ್ಯಾಯಾಲಯದ ಮೊಕದ್ದಮೆಗಳು ಮತ್ತು ಅನುಷ್ಠಾನ ವಿಳಂಬದ ಸಾಧ್ಯತೆ

## ಮುಂದಿನ ದಾರಿ (Way Forward)*

ಸಮಗ್ರ ಮತ್ತು ಪಾರದರ್ಶಕ **ಪರಿಸರ ಪರಿಣಾಮ ಅಧ್ಯಯನ (EIA)*** ನದಿಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಕನಿಷ್ಠ ಪರಿಸರ ಹರಿವನ್ನು ಕಡ್ಡಾಯವಾಗಿ ಕಾಪಾಡುವುದು* ದೊಡ್ಡ ಯೋಜನೆಗಳ ಜೊತೆಗೆ **ಸ್ಥಳೀಯ ಜಲ ಸಂರಕ್ಷಣಾ ಕ್ರಮಗಳಿಗೆ** ಒತ್ತು* ಸಾರ್ವಜನಿಕ ಸಲಹೆ, ವೈಜ್ಞಾನಿಕ ಅಧ್ಯಯನ ಮತ್ತು ಹಂತವಾರು ಅನುಷ್ಠಾನ

## ಉಪಸಂಹಾರ

**ಬೇಡ್ತಿ–ವರದಾ ನದಿ ಜೋಡಣೆ ಯೋಜನೆ** ಕರ್ನಾಟಕದ ಜಲ ಅಸಮಾನತೆಯನ್ನು ಕಡಿಮೆ ಮಾಡುವ ಮಹತ್ವದ ಪ್ರಯತ್ನವಾಗಿದೆ. ಆದರೆ ಇದು ಪಶ್ಚಿಮ ಘಟ್ಟದಂತಹ ಸೂಕ್ಷ್ಮ ಪರಿಸರ ವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಅನುಷ್ಠಾನಗೊಳ್ಳುತ್ತಿರುವುದರಿಂದ, ಕೇವಲ ತಾಂತ್ರಿಕ ಪರಿಹಾರಗಳಿಗಿಂತಲೂ **ಪರಿಸರ ಸಂರಕ್ಷಣೆ, ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ನ್ಯಾಯ ಮತ್ತು ದೀರ್ಘಕಾಲೀನ ಜಲ ನಿರ್ವಹಣೆಯ ಸಮತೋಲನ** ಅತ್ಯಗತ್ಯವಾಗಿದೆ. ಸಮಗ್ರ ದೃಷ್ಟಿಕೋನ ಮತ್ತು ಜವಾಬ್ದಾರಿಯುತ ಅನುಷ್ಠಾನವೇ ಈ ಯೋಜನೆಯ ಯಶಸ್ಸನ್ನು ನಿರ್ಧರಿಸುತ್ತದೆ.

River Linking in Karnataka

Bedthi–Varada River Linking Project

The Bedthi–Varada River Linking Project is one of Karnataka’s most significant proposed intra-state inter-basin water transfer schemes. It aims to address chronic water scarcity in central and northern Karnataka by diverting surplus flows from the west-flowing Bedthi (Gangavali) river to the east-flowing Varada river — a tributary of the Tungabhadra River in the Krishna basin.

Background: Water Scarcity and Interlinking Policy

Interlinking rivers has been part of India’s long-term strategy to redistribute water across water-short and water-rich regions. The National Perspective Plan envisaged multiple links, including several in Karnataka’s peninsular river systems. Among these, the Bedthi–Varada project stands out for its intra-state scope and potential to support irrigation and reduce drought stress.

Geographical Features of the Rivers

Bedthi (Gangavali) River

  • Originates in the Western Ghats and flows westward into the Arabian Sea.
  • Drains the Sirsi–Yellapura region of Uttara Kannada district.
  • Known for Magod Falls, one of Karnataka’s highest waterfalls.
  • Substantial monsoon flows often go unused due to steep terrain.

Varada River

  • Begins in the Western Ghats and flows eastward through Shivamogga and Haveri districts.
  • Joins the Tungabhadra River, which feeds into the Krishna basin.
  • Supports agriculture in otherwise water-stress regions.

Project Design and Technical Details

According to feasibility studies and pre-feasibility reports:

  • The project envisages diversion of surplus waters (around 242 MCM / ~18–18.5 TMC) from the Bedthi basin to the Varada basin.
  • Conveyance includes tunnels and lifting systems to transfer the water across the Western Ghats into the Varada river.
  • Two link components are proposed:
  1. Direct lift and tunnel route from Bedthi to Varada.
  2. Via storage at Dharma reservoir, then conveyed to Varada.

The NWDA has completed draft DPR work and submitted it to the Karnataka government for observations.

Political and Administrative Progress

Government Approval

  • The Karnataka government has approved the preparation of the DPR for the Bedthi–Varada linking project, marking an important procedural milestone.

Official Statements

Deputy Chief Minister D.K. Shivakumar confirmed that:

  • The state has given go-ahead for the DPR, estimated to cost around ₹10,000 crore.
  • The Centre will bear 90% of the cost, while the State will contribute 10%.
  • Karnataka has sought an allocation of 40–45 TMC from river linking projects to address wider water needs, including an additional request to release 5 TMC for the Bhima basin.

Water Allocation

  • The Bedthi–Varada scheme has been allotted roughly 18.5 TMC for diversion under the overall interlinking effort.

Expected Benefits

The main motivations for the project include:

  • Irrigation expansion in drought-prone districts like Gadag, Koppal, Raichur and parts of Haveri.
  • Augmentation of water supply for agriculture and allied uses.
  • Reduction of monsoon runoff losses into the sea in the Western Ghats.
  • Potential socio-economic uplift in rain-shadow regions.

Local farmer associations and political leaders have repeatedly voiced support for expediting implementation.

Environmental and Technical Challenges

Despite its promise, the project has generated opposition and technical critique:

Ecology and Biodiversity

Environmental groups argue that diverting water from the ecologically sensitive Western Ghats could:

  • Damage biodiversity hotspots.
  • Affect downstream freshwater and estuarine ecosystems.
  • Impact local communities reliant on riverine resources.

Technical Feasibility Concerns

Critics contend the project design:

  • May not guarantee water delivery to intended areas.
  • Risks large forest and agricultural land submergence due to dams/weirs.
  • Needs more accurate water availability assessments and field-based studies.

Balancing Development and Sustainability

The Bedthi–Varada project exemplifies the development vs environment dilemma in India’s water governance:

  • Water redistribution is crucial for drought-mitigation and agricultural sustainability.
  • Yet large infrastructure must respect ecological limits, biodiversity and long-term environmental health.
    Policy experts suggest that river links should be paired with demand-management solutions like watershed development, rainwater harvesting and aquifer recharge.

Conclusion

The Bedthi–Varada River Linking Project has advanced from concept to DPR approval phase, backed by political support and central funding patterns. While it holds strong potential to transform water availability for central Karnataka, its technical, ecological and socio-economic implications require thorough evaluation, transparent planning and community engagement.

🌿 States Told to Enforce Supreme Court’s Aravalli Orders

📍 Background: The Aravalli Range

The Aravalli Range is one of the oldest fold mountain systems in the world, stretching roughly 800 km from Gujarat → Rajasthan → Haryana → Delhi NCR. It plays a critical ecological role by:

Acting as a climate barrier that checks the eastward expansion of the Thar Desert

Supporting groundwater recharge in semi-arid regions

Preserving biodiversity, forests, and wildlife corridors

⚖️ Supreme Court’s Intervention

The Supreme Court of India has, over several years, passed multiple orders restricting mining, stone quarrying, and deforestation in the Aravalli region due to severe environmental degradation.

However, weak enforcement and regulatory ambiguity allowed continued ecological damage, prompting renewed judicial and executive action.

🏛️ Recent Directive by the Union Environment Ministry

The Union Environment Ministry has directed the Chief Secretaries of Haryana, Rajasthan, and Gujarat to strictly enforce the Supreme Court’s orders, specifically:

❌ No new mining leases in the Aravalli region until a comprehensive management plan is finalized

✅ Existing mines may continue only if they strictly comply with environmental norms

This move follows concerns raised by environmental activists that large parts of the Aravallis could otherwise be reopened for mining.

🧠 Role of ICFRE

The Ministry has assigned the task of preparing a Management Plan for Sustainable Mining to the Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education (ICFRE).

The plan will:

Identify permissible mining areas

Demarcate ecologically sensitive, conservation-critical, and restoration-priority zones

Allow mining in sensitive areas only under exceptional circumstances

Expand the coverage of areas protected or prohibited from mining

📌 No specific deadline has been fixed, which raises concerns about implementation delays.

📐 The Core Problem: Defining the Aravalli Range

A long-standing issue has been the absence of a uniform legal definition of the Aravalli range across States and UTs.

🔹 A committee of experts (including the Environment Ministry) recommended adopting a uniform criterion of “100 metres above local relief” to regulate mining.
🔹 This standard has already been in force in Rajasthan since January 9, 2006, but other States had not adopted it consistently.

➡️ Lack of uniformity enabled regulatory loopholes, illegal mining, and forest diversion.

🌱 Environmental Issues in the Aravalli Region

Unregulated mining and quarrying have caused:

Deforestation and loss of green cover

Groundwater depletion in Haryana and Rajasthan

Air pollution and dust storms affecting NCR cities

Loss of wildlife habitat and biodiversity

Increased desertification risk

Cyclone-Four trends redefining the North Indian Ocean’s storm cycle

Context: While the number of total disturbances has decreased, storms are becoming more severe and arriving later in the year.

  • The cyclonic disturbances over the North Indian Ocean, which include the Arabian Sea, the Bay of Bengal, and the land area in between, have changed drastically over the last century.
  • Broadly, there are four major trends. First, the frequency of cyclonic disturbances has shifted significantly. Chart 1 plots annual disturbances (left axis) alongside a 10-year rolling average (right axis) from 1900 to 2025. While annual figures are often volatile, the 10-year rolling average smooths out this “noise”, making it easier to identify whether the long-term trend is actually rising or falling.
  • The chart reveals a distinct inverted U-shaped trend in the past century. Between 1900 and 1920, the 10-year rolling average of cyclonic disturbances remained below 10. This figure surged to over 15 by the 1930s, initiating a period of relative stability that lasted through the 1970s. However, the 1980s and 1990s saw a sharp decline, culminating in a new low in the 2000s when the average dropped to eight. While activity rebounded in the 2010s and continues to climb in the 2020s, current levels remain significantly lower than the mid-century peaks.
  • Second, the overall decline in disturbances in recent years is driven almost entirely by a sharp drop in activity within the Bay of Bengal. Chart 2 breaks down the 10-year rolling average of cyclonic disturbances by origin: the Bay of Bengal, the Arabian Sea, and inland/other areas. While the Bay remains the primary cradle for disturbances in the North Indian Ocean, its output has dwindled significantly, dragging down the total as seen in Chart 1. Conversely, the Arabian Sea has seen a marked increase in activity, though its frequency remains lower than that of the Bay even in recent years.
  • Third, while the number of disturbances has decreased, their severity has intensified. Typically, a disturbance begins as a low-pressure area (winds <31 kmph) and can intensify into a depression (31–49 kmph) or a deep depression (50-61 kmph). Beyond this point, they are classified as cyclonic storms (62-88 kmph) or severe cyclonic storms (89-117 kmph). The most destructive stages follow: very severe (118-166 kmph), extremely severe (167-221 kmph), and super cyclonic storms (≥222 kmph).
  • Chart 3 illustrates the percentage of disturbances that intensify into severe cyclonic storms or higher. In the Bay of Bengal, the share of these storms has risen notably since the 1970s. Interestingly, disturbances originating in the Arabian Sea are historically more likely to reach these severe levels than those in the Bay. Given the increasing frequency of disturbances in the Arabian Sea (as noted in Chart 2), this higher rate of intensification marks a critical shift in the region’s risk profile.
  • Generally, warmer oceans provide more energy to tropical storms, making cyclones stronger and their paths harder to predict. Data show that the Arabian Sea is heating up more than average, leading to more intense, tougher-to-predict cyclones.
  • Fourth, there has been a significant shift in the seasonality of these storms. In the Bay of Bengal, disturbances are increasingly originating in the final quarter of the year (October–December) rather than in the July–September window. Chart 4 illustrates this shift, plotting the percentage share of disturbances by their month of origin across different decades. Prior to the 1980s, activity was concentrated between July and September (indicated by the higher density of red squares). Since then, the focus has shifted to the final quarter of the year (red square density shifting to October to November).

Source: The Hindu

Geographical Indication: Telangana likely to get five more GI tags soon

Context: Telangana is stepping up efforts to safeguard its traditional crafts and region-specific products by securing Geographical Indication (GI) tags.

  • It has already filed applications for several items, and five of them — Narayanpet jewellery making, Hyderabad pearls, Banjara tribal jewellery, Banjara needle craft, and Batik paintings — are in the final stages of approval.
  • Comprehensive documentation and field studies for these products have been completed, according to official sources.
  • In addition, applications are pending for Armoor turmeric, Nalgonda chitti dosakai, Kollapur Benishan mango, Mahadevpur tussar silk, Jagtial sesame, and Nayakpod masks, signalling the government’s commitment to expanding the GI portfolio. Over the past two years, government has successfully secured two GI tags: Hyderabad lac bangles (2024) and Warangal chapata chilli (2025).

Crucial role

  • The GI recognition, granted by the Geographical Indication Registry under the Centre, enhances the value and authenticity of products by highlighting their unique origin and heritage. These tags play a crucial role in creating sustainable employment, boosting rural incomes, and preserving traditional knowledge systems — contributing to inclusive economic growth among farming and artisan communities.
  • Currently, Telangana has 18 GI-tagged products, including Pochampally Ikat, Adilabad dokra, Warangal durries, Puttapaka telia rumal, Tandur red gram, Gadwal sari, Siddipet gollabama, Cheriyal painting, and Hyderabad haleem.
  • At least 12 more products are in the pipeline for recognition.
  • Looking ahead, the State government plans to identify additional GI-worthy products across food, handicrafts, textiles, and other categories.
  • It also intends to set up GI galleries at key locations to showcase GI products and promote them as authentic sourcing destinations.

Source: The Hindu; ChatGPT